
Copyright (c) H.Vogel 1998
			All Rights Reserved
		
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS (Demonstrativpronomen) 
		
Function 
		
With a demonstrative pronoun, the speaker or writer points at someone or something that has already been defined, or needs be revisited, as distinguished from Personalpronomen, which are not demonstrative.
Demonstrativpronomen are to either accompany a noun, or substitute for one (e.g. diese Person). As a noun substitute, the Demonstrativpronomen has similarities with the 3.Person-Personalpronomen. Example:
Similarly as the Personalpronomen es (see there, Comment 5), the neuter form of the Demonstrativpronomen may refer back to an entire sentence. Example:
There are four sets of Demonstrativpronomen, members of each set to be declined. Consequently, the German grammar can offer a wealth of options. Writers and speakers have the grammatical choice anywhere from being very specific, to less specific or even vague. It remains the translator's obligation to convey to the English reader the intentions of the original German text.
To sum this up, one has typically available a spectrum of grammatical choices that help make miscommunication in the German language fairly preventible through remarkably little effort. To be familiar with the pertinent grammatical rules is clearly worth the effort, considering the benefit, which can be greater the more erudite the communication tends to be. Demonstrativpronomen can play a significant role. Of the demonstrative pronouns, the shortest simplest choice available is generally preferred, except to avoid an ambiguity.
		
		
Die Demonstrativpronomen der, die, das
			
				
			Comments
					 
				  
					Singular 
					Plural 
				
					 
				Maskulin 
					Feminin 
					Neutrum 
					M, F, N 
				
					 
				Nominativ 
					der 
					die 
					das 
					die 
				
					 
				Akkusativ 
					den 
					die 
					das 
					die 
				
					 
				Dativ 
					dem 
					der 
					dem 
					denen 
				
					 
			Genitiv 
					dessen 
					deren 
					dessen 
					deren 
				
			
			
			
			
			Examples:
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
| Singular | Plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference | Kasus | M | F | N | M, F, N | 
| forward | Nom,Akk,Dat,Gen | dessen | derer | dessen | derer | 
| back | Genitiv | dessen | deren | dessen | deren | 
		
		
		
		
Table Demonstrativpronomen dieser, diese, dieses
			jener, jene, jenes 
			
				
			[...] is omitted when dies or all stand alone
					 
				  
					Singular 
					Plural 
				
					 
				M 
					F 
					N 
					M, F, N 
				
					 
				Nominativ 
					dieser 
					diese 
					dies[es] 
					diese 
				
					 
				Akkusativ 
					diesen 
					diese 
					dies[es] 
					diese 
				
					 
				Dativ 
					diesem 
					dieser 
					diesem 
					diesen 
				
					 
			Genitiv 
					dieses 
					dieser 
					dieses 
					dieser 
				
			
Wenn not clear, use erstere[r] versus letztere[r] (=former, latter). The [r] is required only when reference is made to a noun of male gender. Else, r to be omitted.
			
			
			
Remenber: "Er begrüßte diesen und jenen (=einige) in dem und jenem Hotel (=einigen Hotels)".
			
			
			
			
Table Demonstrativpronomen derjenige, diejenige, dasjenige
				
					
				Comments 
						 
					  
						Singular 
						Plural 
					
						 
					M 
						F 
						N 
						M, F, N 
					
						 
					Nominativ 
						derjenige 
						diejenige 
						dasjenige 
						diejenigen 
					
						 
					Akkusativ 
						denjenigen 
						diejenige 
						dasjenige 
						diejenigen 
					
						 
					Dativ 
						demjenigen 
						derjenigen 
						demjenigen 
						diejenigen 
					
						 
				Genitiv 
						desjenigen 
						derjenigen 
						desjenigen 
						derjenigen 
					
These pronouns are to identify and select a person or thing that is to further be identified in a Relativsatz (=clause connected by a relative pronoun or relative particle) or following attribute. When no ambiguity results, these pronouns are used in their short form der, die, dem. Examples:
			
			
			
			
			
Table Demonstrativpronomen derselbe, dieselbe, dasselbe
				
					
				Comments 
						 
					  
						Singular 
						Plural 
					
						 
					M 
						F 
						N 
						M, F, N 
					
						 
					Nominativ 
						derselbe 
						dieselbe 
						dasselbe 
						dieselben 
					
						 
					Akkusativ 
						denselben 
						dieselbe 
						dasselbe 
						dieselben 
					
						 
					Dativ 
						demselben 
						derselben 
						demselben 
						denselben 
					
						 
				Genitiv 
						desselben 
						derselben 
						desselben 
						derselben 
					
In the last two examples, dasselbe indicates an one-to-one identity, and das gleiche indicates a class identity. The latter would mean the same brand of parfum.
				
				
Though in these two examples different reference nouns are used, the highest stucture versus the Eiffel tower, both happen to have the height of 321 m.
				
				
				
				
				
				
				
			
		Go on to the next page (Relative and Interrogative Pronouns)
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Created: 13.04.98
					Last modified: 13.04.98
					Author: H.Vogel email: hvogel@travlang.com
					Site maintained by: H.Vogel
Copyright (c)H.Vogel at The Travlang Company, 1998.
					
					
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